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Aandeel ArcelorMittal AEX:MT.NL, LU1598757687

  • 23,640 24 apr 2024 17:35
  • +0,170 (+0,72%) Dagrange 23,550 - 23,950
  • 2.185.626 Gem. (3M) 2,5M

Nieuws en info hier plaatsen (deel 4)

35.173 Posts
Pagina: «« 1 ... 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 ... 1759 »» | Laatste | Omlaag ↓
  4. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 03:18
    Japan asks for Section 232 deal
    140 Views

    Japanese trade minister Koichi Hagiuda has asked the USA to exempt Japan from Section 232 tariffs on steel and aluminium imports, according to the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Meti). This follows the recent signing of the US-EU trade deal.

    US commerce secretary Gina Raimondo will visit Japan, Singapore and Malaysia from 15 November to reaffirm US commitment and strengthen economic ties with allies and key partners, the government said last Sunday. On the same day, US trade representative Katherine Tai will arrive in Tokyo.

    It is expected two US officials will discuss with Japanese officials a possible review of the USA's 25% tariffs on steel imports and 10% tariffs on aluminium imports. These are the so-called Section 232 tariffs introduced by the administration of former US President Donald Trump, Kallanish notes.

    Hagiuda says these measures are having a devastating effect, and he has asked the US to take action. The Japan Iron and Steel Federation said on 2 November that the recent agreement between the US and EU will result in a comprehensive relaxation of measures in the form of a tariff-free quota for EU steel. The steel industry of Japan, which he notes is an ally of the US, will be put behind the EU in terms of export competitiveness to the US.

    By Kallanish Team
  5. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:33
    Steel Tube Institute Appoints Mr Crawford as Executive Director

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:44 am

    The Steel Tube Institute's Executive Committee approved a succession plan to name Mr Dale L Crawford as the next Executive Director of the Steel Tube Institute following the planned retirement of Mr Joseph Aderson. Mr Dale has been serving as the Director over the Institute's Conduit Division since May 2017, and he will continue in the Conduit Committee leadership role in addition to his responsibilities as the STI Executive Director. Effective immediately, Mr Dale will begin the transition into the Executive Director role.

    Mr Joseph Anderson, who has carried dual roles of Executive Director and Hollow Structural Sections Director, will continue to lead the HSS Committee through the end of 2022. During the transition period, an executive search for Anderson's replacement as HSS Director will take place.

    Mr Dale graduated with a BS in Business Administration from Weber State University and with an MBA from Utah State University. He also completed additional graduate coursework in marketing from the University of Cincinnati, professional coursework in Business Strategy from MIT's Sloan School of Management, and in Non-Profit Financial Stewardship from Harvard's Kennedy School. Dale is a Certified LEED Green Associate by the US Green Building Council. Prior to joining STI, Mr Dale spent his career in various marketing and business development roles in the electrical distribution industry.

    The Steel Tube Institute was formed in US in 1930 when a group of manufacturers joined forces to promote and market steel tubing. Their goal was to mount a cooperative effort that would improve manufacturing techniques and inform customers about their products' utility, versatility, and competitive advantages.
  6. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:34
    Mr Flanagan Appointed as GrafTech CFO as Mr Coburn to Resign

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:46 am

    GrafTech International Ltd announced that Mr Quinn J Coburn has expressed his intention to retire from his position as Chief Financial Officer, Vice President Finance and Treasurer, effective November 29, 2021, but will remain with GrafTech as Senior Vice President through the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders expected to be held on May 12, 2022 to help ensure a seamless transition. Mr Timothy K Flanagan, the former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc, will join GrafTech as its new Chief Financial Officer, Vice President Finance and Treasurer on November 29, 2021. In his role as Chief Financial Officer, Vice President Finance and Treasurer, Mr Flanagan will oversee GrafTech’s finance, investor relations, tax, and treasury functions.

    Mr Flanagan previously served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc from January 2017 to February 2019. Prior to being promoted to Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of Cleveland-Cliffs, he held a variety of financial leadership roles at Cleveland-Cliffs since joining in 2008, including being responsible for the accounting, reporting, treasury and financial planning and analysis functions and serving as the Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer from March 2012 to December 2016. Most recently, he served as Chief Financial Officer of Benesch, Friedlander, Coplan & Aronoff LLP, an AmLaw 200 law firm, since June 2019. He has a BS in Accounting from the University of Dayton and is a Certified Public Accountant licensed in Ohio.

    GrafTech International Ltd is a leading manufacturer of high-quality graphite electrode products essential to the production of electric arc furnace steel and other ferrous and non-ferrous metals. The Company has a competitive portfolio of low-cost, ultra-high power graphite electrode manufacturing facilities, including three of the highest capacity facilities in the world.
  7. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:34
    US Steel Production Capacity Utilization Slips Below 84% in Week44

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:48 am

    AISI announced that in the week ending on on November 6, 2021, domestic raw steel production was 1,841,000 net tons while the capability utilization rate was 83.4 percent. Production was 1,611,000 net tons in the week ending November 6, 2020 while the capability utilization then was 72.8 percent. The current week production represents a 14.3 percent increase from the same period in the previous year. Production for the week ending November 6, 2021 is down 1.0 percent from the previous week ending October 30, 2021 when production was 1,860,000 net tons and the rate of capability utilization was 84.3 percent.

    Adjusted year-to-date production through November 6, 2021 was 80,720,000 net tons, at a capability utilization rate of 81.5 percent. That is up 20.1 percent from the 67,189,000 net tons during the same period last year, when the capability utilization rate was 67.3 percent.

    Broken down by districts, here’s production for the week ending November 6, 2021 in thousands of net tons

    North East: 176

    Great Lakes: 612

    Midwest: 199

    Southern: 776

    Western: 78

    Total: 1841
  8. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:34
    GMS Market Commentary on Ship Breaking in Week 44

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:50 am

    World's leading cash buyer of ships for recycling GMS said that “It has been Sub-continent markets remain high overall, as they enter the final months of the year and yet, the paucity in the overall supply of vessels indicates that bullish Recyclers have been unable to get their hands on any meaningful tonnage. Cape Rates have come off spectacularly over the past few weeks and as such, there may finally be a few Ship Owners who may reconsider scrapping their vessels in this category rather than passing further surveys. Tanker chartering rates have also started to stabilize somewhat, and as such, there may not be the deluge of vessels in the coming weeks, in comparison to as many that have been traded in the recent past and specifically from this sector. With the firming rates, Vessel Owners may choose to keep their vessels for a possible rally rather than cashing in at an early stage. This is certainly something of a surprise to many in the industry given that recycling levels are at the highest they have been since the sky-high days of 2008, when USD 800/LT LDT was breached.”

    GMS said “Diwali holidays have also stifled some of the progress from India last week, yet, fundamentals across the sub-continent markets remain in positive territory overall – as both steel prices remain firm and currencies (except in Turkey) relatively stable. Bangladesh and Pakistan continue to compete on geographically positioned larger LDT vessels and several FSUs have been committed from existing Cash Buyer inventories over recent weeks.”

    GMS added “Finally, the Turkish market spent another slow week, despite firming prices, stronger local sentiments, and a Lira that continues to languish at record lows against the US Dollar.”

    GMS Pricing

    India/Bangladesh/Pakistan – Week 44, Unchanged

    Dry Bulk – USD 580-600 per LDT

    Tankers - USD 590-610 per LDT

    Containers - USD 600-620 per LDT
  9. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:35
    High Court Quashes Petition against Land Allotment to JSW Steel

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:52 am

    The Karnataka High Court on Monday quashed a petition questioning the allotment of 3,667 acres land to JSW Steel by the state government. A division bench headed by Chief Justice Ritu Raj Awasthi took the decision as it took up the petition filed by Mr KA Paul in this regard. The bench opined that the previous government headed by Yediyurappa had decided to allot the land and the matter is before the present Chief Minister for re-verification as per the information given by government counsel. Hence, there is no need to further proceed with the petition.

    Counsel for the government submitted to the court that the decision to allot land to Jindal Steel Company was taken in the cabinet meeting held on April 26 by then Chief Minister BS Yediyurappa. The petition questioned the decision and the matter is before Chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai, who will relook the earlier decision and take a call on it.

    The petitioner had prayed before the court that the decision to allot 3,667 acres of land to Jindal Company was taken in the cabinet meeting held on April 26, 2021. Mr Yediyurappa, who gave the approval, had opposed previous government’s decision of allotment of land by HD Kumaraswamy government. The petitioner claimed that Yediyuarappa’s move to oppose the land allotment first and then granting it when he came to power gives rise to suspicions. He also claimed that the land was allotted at a cheaper price which is against the law.
  10. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:43
    OMK Supplies Pipes for Construction of Sberbank's Moscow Office

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:54 am

    Russian pipe maker United Metallurgical Company OMK supplied in 2021 about 1.5 thousand tons of high-strength pipes to the ZMK Most metal structures plant in Omsk Region for the construction of Sberbank's office on Kutuzovsky Prospekt in Moscow. OMK products are used as load-bearing columns of the aboveground part of the building. Pipes in accordance with GOST R 58064-2018 from their own sheet metal were manufactured by the Vyksa plant of OMK in the Nizhny Novgorod region. All products were made from rolled steel of increased strength class (?440-7), which allowed the customer to reduce the cross-section of the elements of the bearing columns to comply with the architectural concept of the building, while maintaining their high performance characteristics.

    OMK pipes for this order have high cold resistance and low-temperature viscosity, which ensures reliable operation of structures at temperatures up to minus 60 degree Celsius inclusive. High indicators of ductility of pipes along the wall thickness allow a more universal approach to the design of structures using various types of welded joints tee, corner and butt.

    OMK has been cooperating with ZMK Most LLC since 2019. Earlier, the company supplied several lots of large-diameter pipes with an increased wall thickness, unique for the Russian market, from its own high-strength rolled steel (?440), for the construction of the Sberbank technopark in Skolkovo. Having its own engineering and technology center with modern research laboratories, OMK quickly mastered the production of sheet metal and pipes with a range of high performance characteristics, including use at temperatures down to minus 40 degree Celsius.
  11. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:44
    Primetals to Supply Gas Plant for BF to ArcelorMittal Poland

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:56 am

    Recently, ArcelorMittal Poland SA placed an order with Primetals Technologies and Mostostal Zabrze Realizacje Przemyslowe SA to supply a gas cleaning plant for its blast furnace 2 in Dabrowa Górnicza, Silesia Voivodeship. The gas cleaning plant constitutes a pilot installation to be built under one of the ArcelorMittal Poland’s R&D projects co-financed from the funds of the European Regional Development Fund. The gas cleaning plant, which includes a cyclone dust separator and wet gas scrubber, will be set up as full turnkey installation. The new equipment will reduce maintenance requirements and energy consumption, increase dry dust recycling and improve the environmental footprint of the site. Work on site is scheduled to start in 2022.

    Primetals Technologies will supply key components, like the Tri-ax cyclone dust separator. This will increase the amount of dry dust recovered for recycling and reduce the requirement for wet waste processing. The whole process will become more energy efficient and reduce the need for ongoing maintenance. This makes the plant more cost effective to run and improves the green credentials of the operations. Construction will be undertaken by the consortium partner MZRP. Commissioning will be done by Primetals Technologies.

    The Dabrowa Górnicza plant specializes in producing heavy profiles. It is also one of a few plants worldwide able to produce 120-meter-long rails.
    Bijlage:
  12. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:45
    CMC Reports Strong Fiscal Q4 Earnings

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 4:58 am

    Commercial Metals Company announced that earnings from continuing operations in Q4 were USD 152.3 million on net sales of USD 2.0 billion, compared to prior year earnings from continuing operations of USD 67.8 million on net sales of USD 1.4 billion. For the full year, earnings from continuing operations were USD 412.9 million, compared to USD 278.3 million, in the prior year.

    The North America segment generated record adjusted EBITDA of USD 212.0 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, an increase of 22 percent compared to USD 174.2 million in the prior year period. In a press release, CMC said this improvement was driven by increased margins across multiple products lines, coupled with higher shipments of steel products and raw materials. These positive factors were partially offset by a year-over-year increase in controllable costs per ton of finished steel shipped, due largely to inflationary pressures for freight and steelmaking consumables

    Shipment volumes of finished steel, which include steel products and downstream products, increased by 2 percent from the prior year fourth quarter. CMC said demand for rebar from the mills remained relatively steady, but shipments declined modestly from the prior year due to a shift in mix toward merchant bar and wire rod. Shipments of merchant and other products increased by 29 percent from the prior year, driven by the broad reopening of the US economy

    Outlook - "Based on our current view of the marketplace, we anticipate our strong operating and financial performance will continue in fiscal 2022. Volumes should remain solid, supported by a replenished construction backlog in North America, as well as broad strength across key end markets in both North America and Europe. In the first quarter of fiscal 2022, we expect finished steel volumes to follow typical seasonal patterns, which have historically declined modestly from our fourth quarter levels. We expect first quarter margins to remain consistent with the historical high levels earned in the fourth quarter."
  13. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:45
    Danieli Corus to Upgrade BF at Tulachermet

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:00 am

    Russian steel producer Tulachermet has awarded Danieli Corus with an order for a new top-charging unit for the blast furnace 3 at the integrated steel plant in Tula. The furnace will be upgraded to chute-based charging as part of a modernization project, preparing it for a next campaign at increased productivity and efficiency. The DANCU distributor will be the core part of the new burdening system. This type of distributor was developed based on hydraulic design with the objective of reducing maintenance time and complexity.

    Redundancy and the use of failure-free components have led to a marked increase in furnace availability. The reduction in the number of moving parts makes this charging unit the most robust design available. It is the only design with a proven capability of charging hot sinter with temperatures up to 700 degree Celsius.

    The upgraded blast furnace #3 is scheduled to be put back in operation in 2022 with a design productivity of 6000 tonnes of hot metal per day.
  14. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:46
    Severstal Creating Green Shield at Cherepovets Steel Works

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:02 am

    Russian steel maker Severstal announced that it will continue to implement its climate strategy with the Green Shield project at the Cherepovets Steel Works. Severstal Russian Steel Division General Director Mr Evgeny Vinogradov said “Today we have a detailed plan of green spaces of the industrial site, we received recommendations on how to fill the missing volume of green spaces. The recommendations are aimed at creating an ecosystem that is resistant to external negative influences, including changes in weather and climatic parameters. The plantings will help to retain dust emissions from the enterprise and reduce the carbon footprint.”

    Green Shield is a large-scale landscaping project for CherMK. The company is implementing it jointly with the Cherepovets State University. Scientists have already conducted research on green spaces growing along the perimeter of the industrial site bordering the city limits, as well as planting areas that separate the main production facilities of the enterprise. The total area of research was about 100 hectares. Dendrologists assessed the number and condition of plants, determined their species composition.

    Within the framework of the "Green Shield" project, the scientists of the Chechen State University and the ecologists of the CherMK have selected the species of large trees and planned the planting scheme. About 20 million rubles will be allocated for the implementation of the Green Shield project this year. In total, about 3500 large-sized trees and shrubs will be planted, including 1600 trees. On average, 400 plants will be planted per 1 hectare of industrial territory. According to preliminary estimates, the "Green Shield" will allow the deposition of about 8,000 tons of dust annually and the absorption of about 2,380 tons of carbon.
  15. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:46
    EU Steel Exports in Q2 of 2021 Surge by 9% YoY

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:04 am

    European Steel Association EUROFER in its latest Economic and steel market outlook 1121-2022 Fourth quarter 2021 report, which has data up to second quarter 2021, reported that total EU exports of finished steel products to third countries increased by 9% YoY in the second quarter of 2021, after minus 5% in the first quarter. In particular, exports of both flat products 6% and long products 15% rose, inverting the negative trend of the first quarter of minus 6% and minus 3% respectively).

    The main destinations for EU steel exports over the first seven months of 2021 were the UK, Turkey, the United States, Switzerland and China, followed by Egypt and the Russian Federation. The first five destinations together accounted for 54% of total EU finished product exports. The most significant increases in EU exports were recorded in the US 22%), the UK and Switzerland both 9%, while the largest decreases were observed in China minus 16% and Turkey minus 11%.

    Over the first seven months of 2021, flat product exports fell by mi nus 5%, whereas long product exports increased moderately 3%. Flat products accounted for 65% of finished product exports overall. Exports of most individual flat products decreased compared to the same period of the previous year, in particular hot rolled wide strip minus 28%, hot rolled flat minus 16%, quarto plate minus 10% and cold rolled sheet minus 4%. Exports of strip mill products also dropped by minus 5% while exports of hot dipped and coated sheet increased by 11% and 9% respectively. By contrast, exports of all long products rose with the exception of rebars by 31%. Exports of wire rod, merchant bars and heavy sections all increased by 4%, 15% and 22% respectively.

    The year 2020 recorded a general slump of EU exports by minus 17% for finished products, reflected in all segments flat products minus 17% & long products by minus 16%.
  16. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:47
    Schaeffler to Buy Green Steel from Swedish H2greensteel

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:07 am

    The automotive and industrial supplier Schaeffler has entered into an agreement with Swedish start-up company H2greensteel to purchase 100,000 tonnes of the virtually CO2-free steel, which is produced using hydrogen, on an annual basis with effect from 2025. The agreement is set for the long-term and includes the delivery of strip steel.

    The steel produced in Sweden requires non fossil fuels and reduces Schaeffler's annual CO2 emissions cp by up to 200,000 tons. The agreement is a first major step to make Schaeffler's supply chain carbon-neutral by 2040.

    H2greensteel was founded in 2020 and aims to produce five million tons of virtually CO2-neutral steel annually in Sweden by 2030. As a Greenfield project, the company is planning a new steel site with networked and digital production that will produce "green steel" in the towns of Boden and Luleå. The production of steel without carbon dioxide is realized by H2GS through the use of the direct reduction method, in which hydrogen produced from renewable energies is used instead of coking coal, thus enabling a 95 percent reduction in the CO2 emissions produced with previous methods.

    The founder and majority shareholder of H2GS is Vargas Holding, a co-founder and major shareholder of the Swedish battery cell manufacturer Northvolt.

    Schaeffler Group is a leading global supplier to the automotive and industrial sectors. The technology company produces precision components and systems for drive train and chassis applications as well as rolling and plain bearing solutions for a multitude of industrial applications. The Schaeffler Group generated sales of approximately EUR 12.6 billion in 2020. With around 83,900 employees.
  17. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:49
    Strike at ArcelorMittal Tubular Plant at Shelby in Ohio Continues

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:09 am

    The strike of workers at ArcelorMittal Tubular Products plant in Shelby in Ohio has entered its second week. Roughly 500 workers at the ArcelorMittal Tubular Products plant in Shelby in Ohio walked off the job on 31 October 2021 midnight following a breakdown in contract negotiations between United Steelworkers Local 3057 and the management. USW officials have told the media that they have been in negotiations with the company since mid-September attempting to work out an agreement over issues related to health care, pensions and time off for workers, but only called a strike after ArcelorMittal representatives abruptly ended negotiations on Sunday.

    Union officials have acknowledged that workers at the plant are regularly working 56-hour weeks and need to go to work every day of the week. One of the central demands raised by the USW was for the company to guarantee Thanksgiving weekend and Easter weekend be designated as unpaid holidays. The union also said the pension system has remained the same since 2003 and has resulted in a meagre payment from the company of just USD 1.70 per hour for every 40-hour work week. The workers at the plant are also split between three-tier health care plans with rising costs in premiums.

    ArcelorMittal’s Shelby, Tubular Products plant, formerly Dofasco Copperweld, manufactures welded and seamless precision tubes in a variety of steel grades for the fluid power, automotive, construction equipment, farm machinery, oil and gas tooling and service center markets. Its annual capacity is 240,000 tons. The Shelby plant is one of the few assets in the US that was not purchased by Cleveland-Cliffs. ArcelorMittal Tubular Products, which currently runs the Shelby plant, also operates another plant in Marion, Ohio and a business office in Pittsburgh.
    Bijlage:
  18. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:51
    JSW Steel Reports 95% Capacity Utilization in October 2021

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:11 am

    JSW Steel has reported the crude steel production for the month of October 2021 was at 1.425 million tonnes on standalone basis. The average capacity utilisation for the month was 95%.

    Crude Steel : 1.425 million tonnes, up 6% MoM & 6% YoY

    Rolled Products Flat: 1.045 million tonnes, up 10% MoM & 7% YoY

    Rolled Products Long: 0.334 million tonnes, up 6% MoM & 11% YoY

    The crude steel / pig iron production from phase II expansion project during October 2021 was considered as trial production and not forming part of the above production numbers.
  19. forum rang 10 voda 10 november 2021 08:52
    HBIS Smedrevo Steel Mill in Serbia Accused of Pollution & Cancer

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    10 Nov, 2021, 5:13 am

    Reuters reported that a few hundred meters from the Chinese owned HBIS’s Smedrevo steel mill in central Serbia, the village of Radinac is covered in thick red dust and cancer rates have quadrupled in under a decade prompting residents to clean up or shut down the plant. Activists say the plant is an example of HBIS ignoring pollution standards. Environmental Group Tvrdjava Head Mr Nikola Krstic said “An analysis of the red dust in September showed high concentration of heavy metals. The air in the town is far below European standards for 120 days per year. Red dust is greasy, it sticks to lungs, makes breathing difficult."

    China's Hesteel bought it from the Serbian state for EUR 46 million euros five years ago and claims to have has invested EUR 300 million in technology and pollution reduction. Three new production facilities will significantly reduce pollution after their completion in 2022. HBIS Manager for Environmental Protection Ms Ljubica Drake told Reuters "We are all citizens of Smederevo. Would we be working despite pollution, against ourselves and our children? It is not correct to conclude that higher cancer rates were caused by the plant's activities. The disease could be a result of NATO's bombing of Serbia in 1999 during a war in Kosovo.”

    According to data from the Smederevo public health body, which a watchdog called Tvrdjava obtained through a freedom of information request and shared with Reuters, the municipality of around 100,000 people reported 6,866 cancer cases in 2019, up from 1,738 in 2011.
    Bijlage:
  20. forum rang 10 voda 11 november 2021 06:54
    Klöckner Metal Publishes Guide to Grades Of Stainless Steel

    Strategic Research Institute
    Published on :
    11 Nov, 2021, 4:54 am

    Klöckner & Co SE’s North American subsidiary Kloeckner Metals Corporation has published a Guide to Grades of Stainless Steel. The term stainless steel refers to any of several iron-based alloys that include the element chromium as at least 10.5% of their composition. Although all stainless steel is defined by its crystalline structure, the metal comes in more than 100 grades. The American Iron and Steel Institute first developed a structure of grades for steel in the 1930s and 40s. Later, this system combined with one from the Society of Automotive Engineers International to form a more standardized numbering system. Today, steel manufacturers may use more than one numbering system, however, which can complicate matters.

    The general idea behind grading the metal is that stainless steel can be divided into three broad categories austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic, based on the crystalline structure of its iron atoms. Each category is further divided into series and grades. The grades reflect the specific alloy’s durability, quality, and temperature resistance. Numbers listed after the grade refer to the item’s chemical composition, specifically to it’s chromium and nickel percentages. The 300 series of stainless steel is the most common with 304 stainless steels and 316 stainless steels being the most prevalent grades. Two other common grades are 409 stainless steels and 430 stainless steels.

    300 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    Stainless steel grades in the 300 series are classified as austenitic with 18-30% chromium and 6-20% nickel as their major alloying additions. It is solid iron containing face-centered cubic crystals. The composition of 300-series stainless steel grades makes it especially useful in the construction, automotive, and aerospace industries. Since it can withstand extremely high temperatures, series 300 stainless steel is hardenable only by cold working methods.

    301 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    Attractive and malleable, grade 301 features high strength and corrosion-resistant composition. It is highly malleable and abrasion resistant, grade 301 stainless steels often gets used for decorative structural applications.

    304 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    Grade 304 represents 50% of the steel produced around the world. Grade 304 contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel, which makes it aesthetically pleasing as well as durable. Its one weakness is saline, so grade 304 can pit or crevice when used near salt water.

    316 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    The second most commonly produced steel, grade 316 contains 2-3% molybdenum. Consequently, it’s more resistant to saline and thus better for coastal environments. Many surgical supplies also get made from grade 316 stainless steels. Kloeckner Metals supplies the ultra low carbon variant of this grade stainless steel.

    317 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    This grade provides high tensile strength at elevated temperatures. It is more resistant to corrosion and pitting than either grade 304 or grade 316 stainless steels. Due to its composition, grade 317 stainless steel is a more expensive alloy than most other 300-level grades.

    400 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    This series of stainless steel contains 11% chromium and 1% more manganese than 300-series grades, making it slightly magnetic. This steel also features higher carbon content. As a result, 400-series stainless steel offers higher strength and more wear resistance, but it is also more easily corroded than 300-series grades. Heat-treating hardens 400-series stainless steel.

    430 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    Ferritic steel, grade 430 forms easily but does not resist extreme temperatures or corrosion well. It’s often used for decorative purposes such as automotive trim. Grade 430 stainless steels is also commonly used in backyard barbecue grills. It is less expensive than grade 304 since it does not contain nickel. 430 stainless steel sheets are routinely stocked.

    434 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    Among the most widely used ferritic steels, grade 434 is highly corrosion and oxidation resistant. It can also resist temperatures of up to 1500°F. Grade 434 stainless steel cannot be hardened by heat treatment and is generally cold formed like low carbon steel. It is typically used for automotive trim.

    420 Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    Grade 420 stainless steel is a very bright steel and one of the earliest carbon/iron alloys. Containing 12% chromium, this grade of steel is highly corrosion resistant. It is often called “blade grade steel” since manufacturers frequently use it to make surgical instruments.

    904L Stainless Series Stainless Steel Grades

    A non-stabilized austenitic stainless steel, 904L grade products contain copper as part of the alloy. As a result, this grade of steel can resist corrosion from many acids. The high cost of this grade of stainless steel, however, has caused many manufacturers to turn to the lower-cost duplex stainless steel 2205 as an alternative.

    The SAE developed a four-digit grading system for carbon steel and a three-digit one for stainless steel. The first digit refers to the primary alloy element, the second and third digits to the alloy’s carbon percentage. Carbon steel needs four digits because there are more carbon steel alloys than stainless steel alloys. The ASTM developed a six-digit system for categorizing stainless steel. Composed of both letters and numbers, this classification system begins with the letter A, which stands for any ferrous material, followed by a sequential series of numbers unrelated to the metal’s properties. The letter M, standing for “metric,” follows this number series. The last two digits refer to the year the standard for the grade was adopted or last revised. Other organizations have also published grades and series of steel, including the British Standards BS, German Standard DIN, Chinese Standard GB, European Standard EN, Japanese Industrial Standards JIS and the International Organization for Standardization IOS. Each system functions entirely differently.
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